| S.No | Name of Section | Topics |
| 1 | Engineering Mathematics | Linear AlgebraCalculusDifferential EquationsAnalysis of Complex VariablesProbability and StatisticsNumerical Methods |
| 2 | Electrical Circuits | Voltage and current sources: independent, dependent, ideal and practical; v-i relationships of resistor, inductor, mutual inductor and capacitor; transient analysis of RLC circuits with dc excitation.Kirchoff’s laws, mesh and nodal analysis, superposition, Thevenin, Norton, maximum power transfer and reciprocity theorems.Peak-, average- and rms values of ac quantities; apparent-, active- and reactive powers; phasor analysis, impedance and admittance; series and parallel resonance, locus diagrams, realization of basic filters with R, L and Celements. |
| 3 | Signals and Systems | Continuous and Discrete Signal and Systems: Periodic, aperiodic and impulse signals; Sampling theorem; Laplace, Fourier and z-transforms; transfer function, frequency response of first and secondorder linear time invariant systems, impulse response of systems; convolution, correlation. Discrete time system: impulse response, frequency response, pulse transfer function; DFT; basics of IIR and FIR filters. |
| 4 | Analog and Digital Electronics | Characteristics and applications of diode, Zenerdiode, BJT and MOSFET; small signal analysis of transistor circuits, feedback amplifiers. Characteristics of operational amplifiers; applications of opamps: difference amplifier, adder, subtractor, integrator, differentiator, instrumentation amplifier, buffer.Combinational logic circuits, minimization of Boolean functions. IC families: TTL and CMOS. Arithmetic circuits, comparators, Schmitt trigger, multi-vibrators, sequential circuits, flipflops, shift registers, timers and counters; sample-and-hold circuit, multiplexer. Characteristics of ADC and DAC (resolution, quantization, significant bits, conversion/settling time); basics of number systems, microprocessor and microcontroller: applications, memory and input-output interfacing; elements of data acquisition systems. |
| 5 | Measurements and Control Systems | SI units, systematic and random errors in measurement, expression of uncertainty – accuracy and precision index, propagation of errors. PMMC, MI and dynamometer type instruments; dc potentiometer; bridges for measurement of R, L and C, Q-meter. Basics of control engineering – modeling system: transfer function and state-space model, stability analysis: time domain and frequency domain analysis. |
| 6 | Sensors and Bio-instrumentation | Types of Instruments: Resistive-, capacitive-, inductive-, piezoelectric-, Hall Effect sensors and associated signal conditioning circuits; Optical sources and detectors: LED, Photo-diode, p-inandavalanchephotodiode (APD), light dependent resistor and their characteristics; basics of magnetic sensing; Interferometer: applications in metrology; basics of fiber optic sensing. Basics of LASERs.Origin, nature, and types of Biosignals, Principles of sensing physiological parameters, types of transducers and their characteristics, Electrodes for bioelectric signals, Bioelectric signals and their characteristics. Biopotential Amplifiers, Noiseandarte facts and their management, Electrical Isolation (optical and electrical) and Safety of Biomedical Instruments. Generation, Acquisition, and signal conditioning and analysis of biosignals: ECG, EMG, EEG, EOG, Blood ERG, PCG, GSR. Principles of measuring blood pressure, Core temperature, volume & flow in arteries, veins and tissues – Lung volumes, respiration and cardiacrate. |
| 7 | Human Anatomy and Physiology | Basic elements of human body-muscloskeletal system, respiratory system, circulatory system, excretory system, endocrine system, nervous system, digestive, nervous, immune, integumentary, and reproductive systems, Basics of cell and molecular biology. |
| 8 | Biomechanics | Engineering MechanicsHard TissuesSoft TissuesHuman Joints and MovementsBiofluid mechanics |
| 9 | Medical Imaging Systems | Basic physics and Instrumentation of medical images in X-Ray, Ultrasound, CT, MRI, PET, FMRI,SPECT, and their characteristics. |
| 10 | Biomaterials | Basic properties of biomaterials, biocompatibility, bioactivity, biodegradable materials, Fundamentals implants, and medical devices, drug delivery carriers, scaffolds for tissue engineering |
